The primary chemical components of paint What is the purpose of a paint hardener?
release time：
2022-10-17
Paint is a chemical mixture coating that can firmly adhere to the surface of objects, serving purposes such as protection, decoration, marking, and other specialised applications. The authoritative work on China's coatings industry, Coating Technology, defines it thus: ‘A coating is a material that can be applied to an object's surface through various application techniques, forming a firmly adherent, reasonably strong, and continuous solid film. The film formed in this manner is commonly referred to as a coating film, also known as a paint film or coating film.’ What are the primary chemical components of paint? What is the purpose of a paint's curing agent?
The Principal Chemical Components of Coatings
Regardless of the type or formulation of a coating, it comprises three fundamental substances: film-forming agents, secondary film-forming agents, and auxiliary film-forming agents.
1. Film-forming Substances
Film-forming substances, also termed binders, are predominantly organic macromolecular compounds such as natural resins (rosin, varnish), oils (tung oil, linseed oil, soybean oil, fish oil, etc.), and synthetic resins. These form through high-temperature reactions. Some coatings combine with inorganic substances (e.g., inorganic zinc-rich coatings). They constitute the coating's principal body and determine the film's properties.
2. Secondary Film-Forming Components
Secondary film-forming components encompass various pigments, extender pigments, and anti-corrosive pigments. Pigments provide the paint film with colour and hiding power, enhancing the coating's protective properties and decorative effect. Pigments with good weather resistance can extend the coating's service life. Extender pigments increase the paint film's thickness, improving water resistance and anti-corrosion properties. Anti-corrosive pigments prevent the surface of objects from being corroded by atmospheric and chemical agents, and protect metal surfaces from corrosion.
3. Auxiliary Film-Forming Substances
Auxiliary film-forming substances encompass various additives and solvents. These additives play a crucial role throughout the coating's production process, storage, application, and film formation. Despite being used in small quantities, they significantly influence the film's properties. Insufficient quantities may even prevent film formation, leading to issues such as failure to dry, settling and caking, or crusting.
What is the purpose of a paint hardener?
A paint hardener is a material specifically incorporated into coatings to accelerate drying and enhance drying speed.
1. Physical drying effect: Molecules within the coating react directly with oxygen in the air to achieve drying.
2. Chemical curing: The hardener reacts with the base paint to enhance the film's hardness, gloss, and adhesion, improving the coating's chemical stability and corrosion resistance. It produces a full, fine-textured film that is smooth, elastic, wear-resistant, and scratch-resistant.
3. The hardener also accelerates the bonding between the primer and the substrate.
4. It speeds up the curing time of the primer. If the primer cures slowly, it will delay the application of the topcoat. Where time is not critical, some primers may omit curing agents, necessitating full drying before topcoating. This approach is equally time-consuming.
Paint constitutes an indispensable material in both commercial decoration and domestic refurbishment. Understanding the primary chemical constituents of paint and the function of curing agents not only facilitates achieving desired interior aesthetics but also contributes to safeguarding personal wellbeing.
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